亚原子物理学(第3版,影印版) 世界图书出版公司 下载 pdf 百度网盘 epub 免费 2025 电子版 mobi 在线

本书是一部讲述亚原子物理学的经典教材教程，这是第三版，将原来的版本做了大量的更新。是近期新，也是最流畅的将粒子物理学和核物理学均讲述明白的入门级书籍，适于实验物理和理论物理专业的高年级本科生和研究生。通过关键实验及其背景知识引入主题，激励读者去思考，增强了大家在多种环境中进行计算的能力。早期的重要实验和近期新的感兴趣的话题都有包括，大量运用图表和图形说明基本原理概念，同时给出大量实验数据。新增加的内容有探测器和加速器等。

Dedication

Acknowledgments

Preface to the First Edition

Preface to the Third Edition

General Bibliography

  1  Background and Language

    1.1  Orders of Magnitude

    1.2  Units

    1.3  Special Relativity，Feynman Diagrams

    1.4  References

Ⅰ  Tools

  2  Accelerators

    2.1  Why Accelerators？

    2.2  Cross Sections and Luminosity

    2.3  Electrostatic Generators （Van de Graaff）

    2.4  Linear Accelerators （Linacs）

    2.5  Beam Optics

    2.6  Synchrotrons

    2.7  Laboratory and Center-of-Momentum Frames

    2.8  Colliding Beams

    2.9  Superconducting Linacs

    2.10  Beam Storage and Cooling

    2.11  References

  3  Passage of Radiation Through Matter

    3.1  Concepts

    3.2  Heavy Charged Particles

    3.3  Photons

    3.4  Electrons

    3.5  Nuclear Interactions

    3.6  References

  4  Detectors

    4.1  Scintillation Counters

    4.2  Statistical Aspects

    4.3  Semiconductor Detectors

    4.4  Bubble Chambers

    4.5  Spark Chambers

    4.6  Wire Chambers

    4.7  Drift Chambers

    4.8  Time Projection Chambers

    4.9  Cerenkov Counters

    4.10  Calorimeters

    4.11  Counter Electronics

    4.12  Electronics： Logic

    4.13  References

Ⅱ  Particles and Nuclei

  5  The Subatomic Zoo

    5.1  Mass and Spin.Fermions and Bosons

    5.2  Electric Charge and Magnetic Dipole Moment

    5.3  Mass Measurements

    5.4  A First Glance at the Subatomic Zoo

    5.5  Gauge Bosons

    5.6  Leptons

    5.7  Decays

    5.8  Mesons

    5.9  Baryon Ground States

    5.10  Particles and Antiparticles

    5.11  Quarks，Gluons，and Intermediate Bosons

    5.12  Excited States and Resonances

    5.13  Excited States of Baryons

    5.14  References

  6  Structure of Subatomic Particles

    6.1  The Approach： Elastic Scattering

    6.2  Rutherford and Mott Scattering

    6.3  Form Factors

    6.4  The Charge Distribution of Spherical Nuclei

    6.5  Leptons Are Point Particles

    6.6  Nucleon Elastic Form Factors

    6.7  The Charge Radii of the Pion and Kaon

    6.8  Inelastic Electron and Muon Scattering

    6.9  Deep Inelastic Electron Scattering

    6.10  Quark-Parton Model for Deep Inelastic Scattering

    6.11  More Details on Scattering and Structure

    6.12  References

Ⅲ  Symmetries and Conservation Laws

  7  Additive Conservation Laws

    7.1  Conserved Quantities and Symmetries

    7.2  The Electric Charge

    7.3  The Baryon Number

    7.4  Lepton and Lepton Flavor Number

    7.5  Strangeness Flavor

    7.6  Additive Quantum Numbers of Quarks

    7.7  References

  8  Angular Momentum and Isospin

    8.1  Invariance Under Spatial Rotation

    8.2  Symmetry Breaking by a Magnetic Field

    8.3  Charge Independence of Hadronic Forces

    8.4  The Nucleon Isospin

    8.5  Isospin Invariance

    8.6  Isospin of Particles

    8.7  Isospin in Nuclei

    8.8  References

  9  P，C，CP，and T

    9.1  The Parity Operation

    9.2  The Intrinsic Parities of Subatomic Particles

    9.3  Conservation and Breakdown of Parity

    9.4  Charge Conjugation

    9.5  Time Reversal

    9.6  The Two-State Problem

    9.7  The Neutral Kaons

    9.8  The Fall of CP Invariance

    9.9  References

Ⅳ  Interactions

  10  The Electromagnetic Interaction

    10.1  The Golden Rule

    10.2  Phase Space

    10.3  The Classical Electromagnetic Interaction

    10.4  Photon Emission

    10.5  Multipole Radiation

    10.6  Electromagnetic Scattering of Leptons

    10.7  Vector Mesons as Mediators of the Photon-Hadron Interaction

    10.8  Colliding Beams

    10.9  Electron-Positron Collisions and Quarks

    10.10  The Photon-Hadron Interaction： Real and Spacelike Photons

    10.11  Magnetic Monopoles

    10.12  References

  11  The Weak Interaction

    11.1  The Continuous Beta Spectrum

    11.2  Beta Decay Lifetimes

    11.3  The Current-Current Interaction of the Standard Model

    11.4  A Variety of Weak Processes

    11.5  The Muon Decay

    11.6  The Weak Current of Leptons

    11.7  Chirality versus Helicity

    11.8  The Weak Coupling Constant GF

    11.9  Weak Decays of Quarks and the CKM Matrix

    11.10  Weak Currents in Nuclear Physics

    11.11  Inverse Beta Decay： Reines and Cowan's Detection of Neutrinos

    11.12  Massive Neutrinos

    11.13  Majorana versus Dirac Neutrinos

    11.14  The Weak Current of Hadrons at High Energies

    11.15  References

  12  Introduction to Gauge Theories

    12.1  Introduction

    12.2  Potentials in Quantum Mechanics-The Aharonov-Bohm Effect

    12.3  Gauge Invariance for Non-Abelian Fields

    12.4  The Higgs Mechanism；Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking

    12.5  General References

  13  The Electroweak Theory of the Standard Model

    13.1  Introduction

    13.2  The Gauge Bosons and Weak Isospin

    13.3  The Electroweak Interaction

    13.4  Tests of the Standard Model

    13.5  References

  14  Strong Interactions

    14.1  Range and Strength of the Low-Energy Strong Interactions

    14.2  The Pion-Nucleon Interaction-Survey

    14.3  The Form of the Pion-Nucleon Interaction

    14.4  The Yukawa Theory of Nuclear Forces

    14.5  Low-Energy Nucleon-Nucleon Force

    14.6  Meson Theory of the Nucleon-Nucleon Force

    14.7  Strong Processes at High Energies

    14.8  The Standard Model，Quantum Chromodynamics

    14.9  QCD at Low Energies

    14.10  Grand Unified Theories，Supersymmetry，String Theories

    14.11  References

Ⅴ  Models

  15  Quark Models of Mesons and Baryons

    15.1  Introduction

    15.2  Quarks as Building Blocks of Hadrons

    15.3  Hunting the Quark

    15.4  Mesons as Bound Quark States

    15.5  Baryons as Bound Quark States

    15.6  The Hadron Masses

    15.7  QCD and Quark Models of the Hadrons

    15.8  Heavy Mesons： Charmonium，Upsilon

    15.9  Outlook and Problems

    15.10  References

  16  Liquid Drop Model，Fermi Gas Model，Heavy Ions

    16.1  The Liquid Drop Model

    16.2  The Fermi Gas Model

    16.3  Heavy Ion Reactions

    16.4  Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions

    16.5  References

  17  The Shell Model

    17.1  The Magic Numbers

    17.2  The Closed Shells

    17.3  The Spin-Orbit Interaction

    17.4  The Single-Particle Shell Model

    17.5  Generalization of the Single-Particle Model

    17.6  Isobaric Analog Resonances

    17.7  Nuclei Far From the Valley of Stability

    17.8  References

  18  Collective Model

    18.1  Nuclear Deformations

    18.2  Rotational Spectra of Spinless Nuclei

    18.3  Rotational Families

    18.4  One-Particle Motion in Deformed Nuclei （Nilsson Model）

    18.5  Vibrational States in Spherical Nuclei

    18.6  The Interacting Boson Model

    18.7  Highly Excited States；Giant Resonances

    18.8  Nuclear Models-Concluding Remarks

    18.9  References

  19  Nuclear and Particle Astrophysics

    19.1  The Beginning of the Universe

    19.2  Primordial Nucleosynthesis

    19.3  Stellar Energy and Nucleosynthesis

    19.4  Stellar Collapse and Neutron Stars

    19.5  Cosmic Rays

    19.6  Neutrino Astronomy and Cosmology

    19.7  Leptogenesis as Basis for Baryon Excess

    19.8  References

Index

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书籍介绍

Subatomic Physics, the physics of nuclei and particles, has been one of the frontiers of science since its birth in 1896. From the study of the radiations emitted by radioactive nuclei to the scattering experiments that point to the presence of subLuuts in nucleons, from the discovery of the hadroruc interactions to the real-ization that the photon possesses hadronic (strong) attributes, and that weak and electromagnetic forces may be intimately related, subatomic physics has enriched science with new concepts and deeper insights into the laws of nature.

Subatomic Physics does not stand isolated; it bears on many aspects of life. Ideas and facts emerging from studies of the subatomic world change our picture of the macrocosmos. Concepts discovered in subatomic physics are needed to under-stand the creation and abundance of the elements, and the energy production in the sun and the stars, Nuclear power may provide most of the future energy sources.Nuclear bombs affect national and international decisions. Pion beams have be- come a tool to treat cancer. Tracer and Mossbauer techniques give information about structure and reactions in solid state physics, chemistry, biology, metallurgy, and geology.